Ekukhiqizweni kwe-elekthronikhi, ama-capacitors ayingxenye eyisisekelo ebalulekile.Zisetshenziswa kabanzi kwizindawo ezahlukahlukene futhi zidlala izindima ezahlukahlukene ezibalulekile.Ama-capacitor, avame ukubizwa ngokuthi "ama-capacitors" futhi amelwe yincwadi c, anomsebenzi oyisisekelo wokugcina ukushaja kukagesi.Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-capacitors, kepha isakhiwo sazo esivamile esiyisisekelo ukuthi izingcezu ezimbili zensimbi (ezibizwa ngamapuleti) zihlukaniswe yinto (eqinile, igesi, noma uketshezi), olubizwa ngokuthi yi-medium.Ama-capacitor ahlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ama-capacitors ahleliwe kanye nama-capacitor aguqukayo ngokuya ngokuthi umthamo wawo uyakwazi ukuguquguquka.Ama-capacitors ahleliwe ajwayelekile, njengama-capacitors we-electrolytic kanye nama-capacitor ceramic.
I-capacitance ye-capacitor ivezwa kuma-farads (F), kepha ngenxa yeyunithi enkulu yama-farads, amayunithi amancane afana nama-microfarads (μF), ama-nanofarads (NF) kanye nePicofarads (PF) kanye nePicofarads (PF) kanye nePicofarads (PF) futhi kuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekusebenzeni.Umsebenzi obalulekile we-capacitor ukuvumela ukushintshana okuguquguqukayo okukhona ngenkathi kuvinjelwa okuqondile kwamanje.Zisetshenziselwa amasekethe okufanele zigcine futhi zikhiphe amacala futhi zisebenze njengokuhlunga kube lula amasiginali.Ama-capacitors amancane avame ukusetshenziswa kumasetheli afudumele aphezulu, njengemisakazo, ama-transmitters kanye nama-oscillator;Ngenkathi ama-capacitors amakhulu asetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuhlunga nokugcina izindleko.
Ama-capacitors anezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo, ikakhulukazi ama-capacitors e-electrolytic kanye nama-capacitor ceramic.Ngokuvamile, ama-capacitors anesikhundla esingenhla kwe-1μF ikakhulukazi ama-capacitors we-electrolytic, ngenkathi ama-capacitors anomthamo ongezansi kwe-1μI-electrolytic capacitor ine-aluminium Shell, egcwele i-electrolyte futhi inama-electrodes amabili amnandi futhi amabi.Ngokungafani namanye ama-capacitors, ama-polarity abo awakwazi ukuxhunywa ngokungalungile esifundeni.
Ama-capacitors asetshenziswa kabanzi emibuthanweni ye-elekthronikhi.Isibonelo, ama-capacitors asetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kwamandla okugcina amandla kagesi, akhishwe kancane kancane ngemuva kokuthi ipulaki likhishwe, yingakho amalambu kwamanye amadivaysi ahlala isikhashana ngemuva kokuthi amandla asusiwe.Ezinhlelweni zomsindo we-hifi, ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi i-wavefage ye-wavefage ye-voltage isondele ku-DC futhi inamandla anele okuguqulwa abe ngumsindo oqinile womsindo, ama-capacitors amakhulu avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlunga.
Ekwakhiweni komjikelezo we-elekthronikhi, izici eziningi ezidinga ukubhekwa lapho ukhetha ama-capacitors.Owokuqala yi-voltage voltate amandla amandla e-capacitor.Uma ivolula eliseduze kwe-capacitor lidlula i-voltage yalo ekalwe, i-capacitor ingaphuka futhi ilinyazwe.Ama-capacitors we-electrolytic avame ukuba namazinga amaningi we-voltage, njenge-6.3V, i-10V, i-16V, 25v, njll. Ukukhetha okulungile kwama-capacitors alungele kuphela ukuphepha komjikelezo, kepha futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezesekethe kuphela.